Planetary Science

Deep Space 2 (DS-2)

DS-2 was lost before returning science, so no publication search was run; it counts as zero in the comparisons.

Impactor · Directed · Agency-led · Launched on January 3, 1999 · Failure · LCC: $28M/$58M (2025 $)Life-cycle cost: NASA’s reported cost to build, launch, and operate a mission through its prime mission, plus documented partner contributions, in 2025 dollars. Extended missions are not included. Methods · Wikipedia

Scope Active Mission WindowActivePapers published from the first full month after science operations begin through two years after the mission ends. Citations are counted through the third calendar year after each paper appears. For DS-2, papers published February 1, 1999 to January 1, 2002. Methods LifetimeLifetimeEvery tracked publication to date, with every citation to date. Methods