Planetary Science

New Horizons

446 tracked publications and 10,211 citations from 2007–2026. Launched 2006. Life-cycle cost: $1.2B in 2025 dollars. Active Mission Window February 1, 2015 to January 1, 2024: 329 publications, 39 top-10% credit.

Flyby · h-index 51 · 15 papers with 100+ citations · prime mission ended 2016


Lifetime

Scope Papers published from the first full month after science operations begin through 2 years after the mission ends. Citations are counted through the third calendar year after each paper appears. Methods Papers published from the first full month after science operations begin through 2 years after the prime mission ends. Citations are counted through the third calendar year after each paper appears. Methods Every tracked publication to date, with every citation to date. Methods

Key measures

Active Mission Window · papers February 1, 2015 to January 1, 2024
Tracked publicationsTracked publications: peer-reviewed research papers we found for the mission. The list may not be complete. Methods329
CitationsCitations received by the tracked publications in the selected scope. The two windowed scopes count each paper’s citations only within its citation window. Methods4,581
Mean citations per publicationMean citations: total citations divided by tracked publications in the selected scope. One blockbuster paper can lift it. Methods14
Median citations per publicationMedian citations: the middle paper’s citation count in the selected scope; half the papers have more, half fewer. A single blockbuster sways it less than the mean. Methods9
Uncited publicationsUncited publications: papers with no citations in the selected scope. Methods30 (9.1%)
Top-10% creditTop 10%: among the 10% most-cited papers from this division’s missions, ranked against papers published around the same time. A paper naming several missions is split evenly among the missions in this division that claim it, so counts can be fractional. Methods39 · 3.6% of division
Top-1% creditTop 1%: among the 1% most-cited papers from this division’s missions within the selected window. Not adjusted for publication year. A paper naming several missions is split evenly among the missions in this division that claim it, so counts can be fractional. Methods2 · 1.8% of division
Lifetime indices · every tracked publication to date, in any scope
h-indexh-index: the largest h such that h papers have at least h citations each. It only grows with time, so older missions score higher. Methods51
g-indexg-index: the largest g for which the g most-cited papers together hold at least g² citations. Like the h-index, but it lets the most-cited papers count for more. Methods76
m-index, as of October 4, 2026m-index: a mission’s h-index divided by the years since its first peer-reviewed paper. It falls every 1 January even when nothing else changes, so it belongs to the date shown; it also discounts the long operating life that larger missions paid for. Methods2.5
toritori (total research impact, from ADS): for every paper citing one of the mission’s papers, 1 divided by the citing paper’s reference count times the cited paper’s author count, summed, with self-citations removed. It favors citations from papers with short reference lists and from outside the mission’s own authors. Computed over the tracked citation graph, which can be slightly incomplete. Methods26
riqriq (research impact quotient): 1,000 times the square root of tori, divided by the years since the mission’s first paper. A rate, not a total, so it does not keep growing with age the way the h-index and tori do. Methods255

Tracked publications

  1. The Pluto system: Initial results from its exploration by New Horizons

    Stern, S. A., 2015, Sci

    325 citations

  2. The geology of Pluto and Charon through the eyes of New Horizons

    Moore, Jeffrey M., 2016, Sci

    221 citations

  3. Surface compositions across Pluto and Charon

    Grundy, W. M., 2016, Sci

    216 citations

  4. The atmosphere of Pluto as observed by New Horizons

    Gladstone, G. Randall, 2016, Sci

    187 citations

  5. Initial results from the New Horizons exploration of 2014 MU₆₉, a small Kuiper Belt object

    Stern, S. A., 2019, Sci

    161 citations

  6. Impact craters on Pluto and Charon indicate a deficit of small Kuiper belt objects

    Singer, K. N., 2019, Sci

    142 citations

  7. Io Volcanism Seen by New Horizons: A Major Eruption of the Tvashtar Volcano

    Spencer, J. R., 2007, Sci

    127 citations

  8. An improved model for interplanetary dust fluxes in the outer Solar System

    Poppe, Andrew R., 2016, Icar

    126 citations

  9. The Pickup Ion-mediated Solar Wind

    Zank, G. P., 2018, ApJ

    125 citations

  10. The solar nebula origin of (486958) Arrokoth, a primordial contact binary in the Kuiper Belt

    McKinnon, W. B., 2020, Sci

    118 citations

  11. Pluto's global surface composition through pixel-by-pixel Hapke modeling of New Horizons Ralph/LEISA data

    Protopapa, S., 2017, Icar

    114 citations

  12. Mean radius and shape of Pluto and Charon from New Horizons images

    Nimmo, Francis, 2017, Icar

    109 citations

  13. Interplanetary coronal mass ejection observed at STEREO-A, Mars, comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Saturn, and New Horizons en route to Pluto: Comparison of its Forbush decreases at 1.4, 3.1, and 9.9 AU

    Witasse, O., 2017, JGRA

    107 citations

  14. The geology and geophysics of Kuiper Belt object (486958) Arrokoth

    Spencer, J. R., 2020, Sci

    104 citations

  15. Density of Neutral Hydrogen in the Sun's Interstellar Neighborhood

    Swaczyna, P., 2020, ApJ

    100 citations

  16. Dunes on Pluto

    Telfer, Matt W., 2018, Sci

    93 citations

  17. Origin of the Pluto-Charon system: Constraints from the New Horizons flyby

    McKinnon, William B., 2017, Icar

    90 citations

  18. Detection of CO and HCN in Pluto's atmosphere with ALMA

    Lellouch, E., 2017, Icar

    89 citations

  19. Physical state and distribution of materials at the surface of Pluto from New Horizons LEISA imaging spectrometer

    Schmitt, B., 2017, Icar

    88 citations

  20. The Pluto System After New Horizons

    Stern, S. Alan, 2018, ARA&A

    88 citations

How we found these papers

We searched NASA’s Astrophysics Data System (ADS) for peer-reviewed articles naming New Horizons in the title, abstract or keywords; standard filters drop articles that are not peer-reviewed and magazine pieces. SciX is ADS’s current interface.

((((=abs:"New Horizons" OR =abs:"New Horizon") AND (=abs:Pluto OR =abs:Charon OR =abs:Arrokoth OR abs:MU69 OR =abs:"Kuiper belt" OR abs:Jupiter OR abs:Europa OR abs:Io OR abs:Rosetta OR abs:flyby OR abs:heliosphere OR abs:heliospheric OR =abs:"solar wind" OR =abs:"cosmic optical background" OR abs:LORRI OR abs:PEPSSI OR abs:MVIC OR abs:LEISA OR abs:VBSDC OR abs:REX OR =abs:"radio science")) OR =abs:"New Horizons Alice" OR =abs:"New Horizons spacecrafts" OR =abs:"New Horizons spacecraft" OR =abs:"New Horizons observations" OR =abs:"New Horizons mission" OR =abs:"New Horizons probe" OR (=abs:"NH flyby" AND (=abs:Pluto OR =abs:Charon OR =abs:Arrokoth)) OR ((abs:LORRI OR abs:MVIC OR abs:LEISA OR abs:PEPSSI OR =abs:"Long Range Reconnaissance Imager" OR =abs:"Multispectral Visible Imaging Camera" OR =abs:"Multicolor Visible Imaging Camera" OR =abs:"Linear Etalon Imaging Spectral Array") AND (=abs:Pluto OR =abs:Charon OR =abs:Arrokoth OR abs:MU69 OR =abs:"Kuiper belt" OR =abs:"New Horizons" OR =abs:"cosmic optical background")) OR ((abs:SWAP OR abs:SDC OR abs:VBSDC) AND (=abs:"New Horizons" OR =abs:Pluto OR =abs:"Kuiper belt")) OR ((=abs:Alice OR =abs:Ralph OR abs:REX OR =abs:"Radio Science Experiment") AND (=abs:Pluto OR =abs:Charon OR =abs:Arrokoth)) OR =abs:"Solar Wind Around Pluto" OR =abs:"Solar Wind at Pluto" OR =abs:"Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation" OR =abs:"Pluto Exploration Remote Sensing Investigation" OR =abs:"Venetia Burney Student Dust Counter" OR (=abs:"Student Dust Counter" AND (abs:dust OR abs:interplanetary)))) AND property:refereed AND doctype:article AND pubdate:[2015-02 TO 2040-01] AND NOT bibstem:("A&R" OR "AIASJ" OR "AeAm" OR "AirSp" OR "AsNow" OR "AsUAI" OR "AvWST" OR "C&E" OR "C&T" OR "CAPJ" OR "E&S" OR "ENews" OR "IrAJ" OR "JCos" OR "JRASC" OR "LAstr" OR "MNSSA" OR "Met" OR "NewSc" OR "Orion" OR "PhT" OR "PhTea" OR "PhuZ" OR "PhyOJ" OR "PhyW" OR "PlR" OR "SciAm" OR "SpFl" OR "ZemVs")

Open in SciX

Added after review (35)

  1. Io Volcanism Seen by New Horizons: A Major Eruption of the Tvashtar Volcano Io volcanism observed by New Horizons during its 2007 Jupiter flyby. Decision 🤖
  2. Diverse Plasma Populations and Structures in Jupiter’s Magnetotail New Horizons plasma measurements in Jupiter's magnetotail during the 2007 flyby. Decision 🤖
  3. An improved model of the Edgeworth-Kuiper debris disk Kuiper Belt dust model constrained by New Horizons dust counter measurements in cruise. Decision 🤖
  4. New Horizons Mapping of Europa and Ganymede Maps Europa and Ganymede from New Horizons images taken during the 2007 Jupiter flyby. Decision 🤖
  5. Properties of plasma ions in the distant Jovian magnetosheath using Solar Wind Around Pluto data on New Horizons Jupiter magnetosheath plasma measured by New Horizons during the 2007 flyby. Decision 🤖
  6. The jovian anticyclone BA. II. Circulation and interaction with the zonal jets Jupiter Oval BA winds measured with New Horizons 2007 flyby images and other data. Decision 🤖
  7. Polar Lightning and Decadal-Scale Cloud Variability on Jupiter Jupiter polar lightning and clouds observed by New Horizons during the 2007 flyby. Decision 🤖
  8. Jupiter Cloud Composition, Stratification, Convection, and Wave Motion: A View from New Horizons Jupiter waves and ammonia clouds observed by New Horizons during the 2007 flyby. Decision 🤖
  9. First results from the Venetia Burney Student Dust Counter on the New Horizons mission First dust flux results from the New Horizons Student Dust Counter in cruise. Decision 🤖
  10. Energetic Particles in the Jovian Magnetotail New Horizons energetic particle observations in Jupiter's magnetotail during the 2007 flyby. Decision 🤖
  11. Io’s Atmospheric Response to Eclipse: UV Aurorae Observations New Horizons ultraviolet observations of Io's aurora during the 2007 Jupiter flyby. Decision 🤖
  12. Interstellar Pick-up Ions Observed between 11 and 22 AU by New Horizons Solar wind and pickup ions measured by New Horizons in cruise between 11 and 22 AU. Decision 🤖
  13. Simulation of Io's auroral emission: Constraints on the atmosphere in eclipse Models Io's eclipse aurora observed by New Horizons during the 2007 Jupiter flyby. Decision 🤖
  14. Io’s active volcanoes during the New Horizons era: Insights from New Horizons imaging Catalogues Io thermal sources in New Horizons images from the 2007 Jupiter flyby. Decision 🤖
  15. A simulation study of dynamics in the distant Jovian magnetotail Simulates Jupiter tail plasma structures observed by New Horizons in 2007. Decision 🤖
  16. Pickup hydrogen distributions in the solar wind at ∼11 AU: Do we understand pickup ions in the outer heliosphere? Interstellar pickup hydrogen measured by New Horizons in cruise at 11 AU. Decision 🤖
  17. Changing Characteristics of Jupiter's Little Red SPOT Jupiter's Little Red Spot studied with New Horizons 2007 flyby images and other data. Decision 🤖
  18. Observations of Isotropic Interstellar Pick-up Ions at 11 and 17 AU from New Horizons Pickup ion spectra measured by New Horizons in cruise at 11 and 17 AU. Decision 🤖
  19. Jupiter’s Nightside Airglow and Aurora Jupiter nightglow and aurora observed by New Horizons during the 2007 flyby. Decision 🤖
  20. Clump Detections and Limits on Moons in Jupiter’s Ring System Search of Jupiter's rings and small moons in New Horizons 2007 flyby images. Decision 🤖
  21. The Student Dust Counter: Status report at 23 AU Dust density measured by the New Horizons Student Dust Counter in cruise. Decision 🤖
  22. Location, structure, and motion of Jupiter's dusk magnetospheric boundary from ∼1625 to 2550 R_{J} Jupiter magnetopause crossings measured by New Horizons during the 2007 flyby. Decision 🤖
  23. Energetic particle evidence for magnetic filaments in Jupiter's magnetotail Ion dispersion events measured by New Horizons in Jupiter's magnetotail in 2007. Decision 🤖
  24. Io's hot spots in the near-infrared detected by LEISA during the New Horizons flyby Io hot spots identified in New Horizons infrared spectra from the 2007 Jupiter flyby. Decision 🤖
  25. The Impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 Sends Ripples Through the Rings of Jupiter Jupiter ring corrugation analysed partly with New Horizons 2007 flyby images. Decision 🤖
  26. New Horizons Alice ultraviolet observations of a stellar occultation by Jupiter’s atmosphere Jupiter atmosphere from New Horizons ultraviolet stellar occultations in 2007. Decision 🤖
  27. Composition of energetic particles in the Jovian magnetotail Composition of energetic particle bursts seen by New Horizons in Jupiter's magnetotail. Decision 🤖
  28. Constraints on dust production in the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt from Pioneer 10 and New Horizons measurements Kuiper Belt dust production derived from New Horizons Student Dust Counter data. Decision 🤖
  29. The evolving flow of Jupiter’s White Ovals and adjacent cyclones Jupiter Oval BA winds measured in New Horizons 2007 flyby images and other data. Decision 🤖
  30. Interplanetary dust influx to the Pluto-Charon system Dust influx at Pluto derived from New Horizons Student Dust Counter cruise data. Decision 🤖
  31. Will New Horizons See Dust Clumps in the Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt? Dust distribution model fitted to New Horizons dust counter impact rates. Decision 🤖
  32. Plasma conditions and the structure of the Jovian ring Jupiter ring dust model constrained partly by New Horizons 2007 flyby images. Decision 🤖
  33. Analysis of Jupiter’s Oval BA: A streamlined approach Jupiter Oval BA winds measured from New Horizons 2007 flyby images. Decision 🤖
  34. MeV electrons detected by the Alice UV spectrograph during the New Horizons flyby of Jupiter Uses New Horizons ultraviolet spectrograph background to detect Jovian electrons in 2007. Decision 🤖
  35. Plasma and energetic particle observations in Jupiter's deep tail near the magnetopause Plasma and energetic particles in Jupiter's deep tail measured by New Horizons. Decision 🤖

Removed after review (4)

  1. 2008SSRv..140....1R Foreword to a journal special issue; not a research paper. Decision 🤖
  2. OSIRIS-REx: Sample Return from Asteroid (101955) Bennu mission_overview: the OSIRIS-REx mission overview paper that merely mentions heritage with New Horizons. Excluded by policy. Decision 👨
  3. The Ultraviolet Spectrograph on NASA's Juno Mission Instrument description of the Juno ultraviolet spectrograph; New Horizons is mentioned only as design heritage. Decision 🤖
  4. Solar Wind and Pickup Ion (SWAPI) Instrument on NASA's Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) Instrument description of the IMAP SWAPI instrument; New Horizons is mentioned only as design heritage. Decision 🤖