Planetary Science

DS-1

57 tracked publications and 1,710 citations from 1999–2023. Deep Space 1. Launched 1998. Life-cycle cost: $315M in 2025 dollars. Active Mission Window November 1, 1998 to January 1, 2004: 25 publications, 1 top-10% credit.

Flyby · h-index 23 · 2 papers with 100+ citations · prime mission ended 1999

Lifetime

Scope Papers published from the first full month after science operations begin through 2 years after the mission ends. Citations are counted through the third calendar year after each paper appears. Methods Papers published from the first full month after science operations begin through 2 years after the prime mission ends. Citations are counted through the third calendar year after each paper appears. Methods Every tracked publication to date, with every citation to date. Methods

Key measures

Active Mission Window · papers November 1, 1998 to January 1, 2004
Tracked publicationsTracked publications: peer-reviewed research papers we found for the mission. The list may not be complete. Methods25
CitationsCitations received by the tracked publications in the selected scope. The two windowed scopes count each paper’s citations only within its citation window. Methods201
Mean citations per publicationMean citations: total citations divided by tracked publications in the selected scope. One blockbuster paper can lift it. Methods8.0
Median citations per publicationMedian citations: the middle paper’s citation count in the selected scope; half the papers have more, half fewer. A single blockbuster sways it less than the mean. Methods5
Uncited publicationsUncited publications: papers with no citations in the selected scope. Methods2 (8.0%)
Top-10% creditTop 10%: among the 10% most-cited papers from this division’s missions, ranked against papers published around the same time. A paper naming several missions is split evenly among the missions in this division that claim it, so counts can be fractional. Methods1 · 0.09% of division
Top-1% creditTop 1%: among the 1% most-cited papers from this division’s missions within the selected window. Not adjusted for publication year. A paper naming several missions is split evenly among the missions in this division that claim it, so counts can be fractional. Methods0 · 0% of division
Lifetime indices · every tracked publication to date, in any scope
h-indexh-index: the largest h such that h papers have at least h citations each. It only grows with time, so older missions score higher. Methods23
g-indexg-index: the largest g for which the g most-cited papers together hold at least g² citations. Like the h-index, but it lets the most-cited papers count for more. Methods40
m-index, as of October 4, 2026m-index: a mission’s h-index divided by the years since its first peer-reviewed paper. It falls every 1 January even when nothing else changes, so it belongs to the date shown; it also discounts the long operating life that larger missions paid for. Methods0.8
toritori (total research impact, from ADS): for every paper citing one of the mission’s papers, 1 divided by the citing paper’s reference count times the cited paper’s author count, summed, with self-citations removed. It favors citations from papers with short reference lists and from outside the mission’s own authors. Computed over the tracked citation graph, which can be slightly incomplete. Methods12
riqriq (research impact quotient): 1,000 times the square root of tori, divided by the years since the mission’s first paper. A rate, not a total, so it does not keep growing with age the way the h-index and tori do. Methods136

Tracked publications

  1. Observations of Comet 19P/Borrelly by the Miniature Integrated Camera and Spectrometer Aboard Deep Space 1

    Soderblom, L. A., 2002, Sci

    184 citations

  2. Spectral Properties of Near-Earth Objects: Palomar and IRTF Results for 48 Objects Including Spacecraft Targets (9969) Braille and (10302) 1989 ML

    Binzel, Richard P., 2001, Icar

    174 citations

  3. The morphology and surface processes of Comet 19/P Borrelly

    Britt, D. T., 2004, Icar

    92 citations

  4. Deep Space 1 photometry of the nucleus of Comet 19P/Borrelly

    Buratti, B. J., 2004, Icar

    91 citations

  5. A McDonald Observatory Study of Comet 19P/Borrelly: Placing the Deep Space 1 Observations into a Broader Context

    Farnham, Tony L., 2002, Icar

    77 citations

  6. Formation of jets in Comet 19P/Borrelly by subsurface geysers

    Yelle, Roger V., 2004, Icar

    63 citations

  7. Photometric analysis and disk-resolved thermal modeling of Comet 19P/Borrelly from Deep Space 1 data

    Li, Jian-Yang, 2007, Icar

    63 citations

  8. Observations of water in comets with Odin

    Lecacheux, A., 2003, A&A

    62 citations

  9. Imaging Borrelly

    Soderblom, L. A., 2004, Icar

    60 citations

  10. Comet 19P/Borrelly at multiple apparitions: seasonal variations in gas production and dust morphology

    Schleicher, David G., 2003, Icar

    55 citations

  11. Deep Impact: Working Properties for the Target Nucleus Comet 9P/Tempel 1

    Belton, Michael J. S., 2005, SSRv

    50 citations

  12. Short-wavelength infrared (1.3-2.6 μm) observations of the nucleus of Comet 19P/Borrelly

    Soderblom, L. A., 2004, Icar

    45 citations

  13. The nucleus of Comet Borrelly: a study of morphology and surface brightness

    Oberst, J., 2004, Icar

    43 citations

  14. First direct magnetic field measurements of an asteroidal magnetic field: DS1 at Braille

    Richter, I., 2001, GeoRL

    41 citations

  15. Solar wind interactions with Comet 19P/Borrelly

    Young, D. T., 2004, Icar

    40 citations

  16. The outgassing and composition of Comet 19P/Borrelly from radio observations

    Bockelée-Morvan, Dominique, 2004, Icar

    35 citations

  17. The Deep Space 1 Encounter with Comet 19p/Borrelly

    Boice, D. C., 2002, EM&P

    34 citations

  18. Plasma clouds associated with Comet P/Borrelly dust impacts

    Tsurutani, Bruce T., 2004, Icar

    33 citations

  19. Comparison of USGS and DLR topographic models of Comet Borrelly and photometric applications

    Kirk, Randolph L., 2004, Icar

    32 citations

  20. The deep space 1 extended mission

    Rayman, Marc D., 2001, AcAau

    25 citations

How we found these papers

We searched NASA’s Astrophysics Data System (ADS) for peer-reviewed articles naming DS-1 in the title, abstract or keywords; standard filters drop articles that are not peer-reviewed and magazine pieces. SciX is ADS’s current interface.

(((=abs:"Deep Space 1" OR =abs:"Deep Space-1" OR abs:DS1 OR abs:"DS-1" OR =abs:"Miniature Integrated Camera and Spectrometer" OR =abs:"Plasma Experiment for Planetary Exploration") AND (abs:comet* OR abs:asteroid* OR abs:Borrelly OR abs:Braille)) AND NOT (title:propulsion OR title:thruster OR title:telecommunications OR =title:"pointing control" OR =title:"mission design")) AND property:refereed AND doctype:article AND pubdate:[1998-11 TO 2040-01] AND NOT bibstem:("A&R" OR "AIASJ" OR "AeAm" OR "AirSp" OR "AsNow" OR "AsUAI" OR "AvWST" OR "C&E" OR "C&T" OR "CAPJ" OR "E&S" OR "ENews" OR "IrAJ" OR "JCos" OR "JRASC" OR "LAstr" OR "MNSSA" OR "Met" OR "NewSc" OR "Orion" OR "PhT" OR "PhTea" OR "PhuZ" OR "PhyOJ" OR "PhyW" OR "PlR" OR "SciAm" OR "SpFl" OR "ZemVs")

Open in SciX

Added after review (7)

  1. Models of P/Borrelly: Activity and dust mantle formation Thermal model of comet Borrelly built on Deep Space 1 flyby observations. Decision 🤖
  2. Dust impacts at Comet P/Borrelly Dust impacts at comet Borrelly detected by Deep Space 1's plasma wave antennas. Decision 🤖
  3. The nucleus of Comet Borrelly: a study of morphology and surface brightness Nucleus topography of comet Borrelly from Deep Space 1 stereo images. Decision 🤖
  4. Plasma clouds associated with Comet P/Borrelly dust impacts Dust-impact plasma clouds measured by Deep Space 1 at comet Borrelly. Decision 🤖
  5. Spacecraft exploration of asteroids Review of asteroid results from spacecraft, including Deep Space 1. Decision 🤖
  6. Properties of 19P/Borrelly Models comet Borrelly's activity and compares it with Deep Space 1 results. Decision 🤖
  7. SLAMS at comet 19P/Borrelly: DS1 observations Deep Space 1 observations of plasma waves and the bow shock at comet Borrelly. Decision 🤖

Removed after review (3)

  1. 1999TMOPR.137D...1M Mars Global Surveyor communications experiment; does not name Deep Space 1. Decision 🤖
  2. 2001AcAau..48..439F Maintenance plans for reusable launch vehicles; mentions Deep Space 1 only as technology heritage. Decision 🤖
  3. 2003AcAau..52..309B Ion propulsion study for a proposed comet sample return mission; mentions Deep Space 1 only as heritage. Decision 🤖